Name two examples of reform movements in U.S. history.

• A. Industrial Reform and mining booms
• B. Civil Rights Movement; women's suffrage
• C. Isolationist policy and mercantilism
• D. Westward expansion and manifest destiny

Answer: (B)

Reform movements are organized efforts to change laws, practices, and social norms that are unfair or outdated. The Civil Rights Movement sought to end racial segregation and guarantee equal protection under the law for African Americans, using protests, legal challenges, and legislation such as the Civil Rights Act and Voting Rights Act. The women's suffrage movement fought for women's right to vote, culminating in the 19th Amendment in 1920 after decades of activism. The other options describe economic trends or policy directions rather than coordinated campaigns to reform society, so they don’t fit as reform movements.